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The friendship between Hertha Ayrton and Marie Curie is explored in Anne Michaels's multigenerational novel Held. Although Marie Curie is a household name, Aryton's fascinating life is likely unfamiliar to most readers.
Born in 1854 in Portsea, England, Hertha Ayrton was born as Phoebe Sarah Marks. Levi Marks, a clockmaker from Poland, had been forced to flee to England to escape anti-Semitic persecution. When he died in 1861, leaving his family in a significant amount of debt, his wife, seamstress Alice Theresa Marks, did her best to raise Phoebe Sarah, who at the time went by Sarah, and her six siblings (soon to be seven), but struggled under the pressure. At nine years old, Sarah went to live with Marion Hartog, her mother's sister, who raised and educated her alongside her own children.
As a teenager, Sarah adopted the name Hertha. The reasoning behind "Hertha" is unclear—some sources claim her name is derived from the earth goddess described in ...
